Drusenoid PEDs are seen mostly in non-neovascular or dry AMD. These include drusenoid PED, serous PED, fibrovascular PED, or mixed components. The classification of PEDs in AMD can be divided based on their contents. PEDs have also been associated with certain systemic conditions including renal (tubulo-interstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome and type II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis), inflammatory (systemic lupus erythematosis, inflammatory bowel disease, sarcoidosis), infectious (Blastocystis hominis, poststreptococcal syndrome, neurosyphilis), neoplastic (paraproteinemias including cryoglobulinemia, IgA or IgM gammopathies), Waldenström macroglobulinemia, large cell non–Hodgkin lymphoma (ocular–central nervous system form), choroidal nevi, acute myeloid leukemia, and Iatrogenic reasons (Pamidronate, hemodialysis, organ transplantation.) Types of PEDs in Age-related Macular Degeneration Rare cases of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome (VKH)-associated PEDs have been reported. PEDs can also be present in several chorioretinal diseases including idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) small multifocal idiopathic PEDs, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), and retinal angiomatous proliferation. Various ocular and systemic diseases can be associated with PEDs, the most prevalent being age-related macular degeneration (both dry and wet forms). The space created by this separation is occupied by blood, serous exudate, drusenoid material, fibrovascular tissue or a combination of the above. Retinal pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) are characterized by separation between the RPE and the inner most aspect of Bruch's membrane. 2.2 Clinical Exam and Diagnostic Imaging.1.2.3 Types of PEDs in Age-related Macular Degeneration.
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